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Fact-based perspectives on energy

Rigorous analysis and independent research on energy markets, grid reliability, policies, and the technologies shaping our energy future.

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U.S. Energy Security Index: Is America’s Energy Security Getting Better or Worse?

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Reliability & Security

Neil Atkinson

After UAE Departure, What's Next for OPEC?

The news of the United Arab Emirates's (UAE) departure from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) came as a significant surprise to the markets. But to those paying close attention, the move was less unexpected than it appeare

Oil & Gas
Energy Geopolitics
Energy Security
Issue Brief
Freedom & Growth

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

Unreasoned Decisionmaking: Ferc's Ever-Changing Methodology for Estimating the Return On Equity

The financial crisis that began in 2008 led to unprecedented actions by the U.S. Federal Reserve (Fed) to lower interest rates and stimulate the economy.

Energy Policy & Regulation
Energy Economics
Energy & Finance
Analysis
Reliability & Security

Jim Vinoski

Shon R. Hiatt, PhD

The Nuclear Workforce: An Essential Energy Priority Facing the Nation

President Trump’s 2025 executive order calls for the United States to quadruple its nuclear capacity to 400 gigawatts (GW) by 2050.

Nuclear Energy
Energy Policy & Regulation
Issue Brief
Realism & Facts

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

Some Needed Realism on Wind Power

Such a small change in CO 2 emissions would have no measurable impact on global temperature.

Renewable Energy
Issue Brief
Reliability & Security

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

America's Electricity Grids: At a Crossroads

Because electricity demand (load) and supply (generation) must be kept in instantaneous balance, electric systems must always maintain adequate resources.

Electricity Markets
Grid Reliability
Issue Brief
Footprints & Density

Todd “Ike” Kiefer

Ethanol as Fuel: A Bridge to Nowhere

This shortcoming reflects not technology immaturity but rather fundamental limits of biochemistry and thermodynamics.

Renewable Energy
Energy Subsidies
Study
Reliability & Security

Brett Rampal

Unlocking U.S. Nuclear Growth Requires a Waste Strategy

Although recycling UNF may have an important role to play, it alone cannot resolve all nuclear waste-management challenges.

Energy Policy & Regulation
Nuclear Energy
Issue Brief
Reliability & Security

Iddo K. Wernick, PhD

Stephen D. Eule

The Role of Energy in U.S. National Security

The increased energy risk is being driven by growing import supply risks for minerals that are essential to both conventional and alternative energy technologies.

Energy Security
Energy Policy & Regulation
Issue Brief
Reliability & Security

Matthew McManus

Energy Sanctions as a Foreign Policy Tool: How Successful and for How Long?

The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) reports that the United States produced a record amount of all forms of energy in 2024, exceeding 103 quadrillion British thermal units.

Energy Sanctions
Energy Geopolitics
Oil & Gas
Issue Brief
Footprints & Density

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Using Direct Air Capture to Remove Atmospheric Carbon

Taken together, these physical, economic, and environmental realities indicate that removing CO 2 from the atmosphere via DAC should not be pursued.

Climate Policy
Energy Transition
Analysis
Realism & Facts

Neil Atkinson

The Return of Realism in Global Oil Forecasts: A Critique of the International Energy Agency World Energy Outlook 2025

It is impossible to know how the geopolitical landscape will evolve even in the short term, much less by 2050.

Oil & Gas
Energy Policy & Regulation
Issue Brief
Realism & Facts

Paul H. Tice

Setting the Record Straight on U.S. Fossil Fuel Subsidies

The problem with much of these data is the flawed methodology used to estimate fossil fuel subsidies.

Energy Markets
Oil & Gas
Energy Subsidies
Issue Brief
Reliability & Security
No items found.

The Battery Storage Delusion: Utility-Scale Batteries Are No Silver Bullet

Batteries cannot deliver power continuously and must be recharged, often via the same intermittent power they were meant to buffer.

Grid Reliability
Renewable Energy
Issue Brief
Reliability & Security

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

What's Driving Higher Retail Electric Rates?

Moreover, the quantities of storage that would be required are unrealistic and likely physically impossible to develop.

Electricity Markets
Energy Economics
Grid Reliability
Renewable Energy
Issue Brief
Freedom & Growth

Mark P. Mills

The Rise of AI: A Reality Check on Energy and Economic Impacts

Such a wealth-induced increase in energy consumption will be far greater than the quantity of energy needed to power the wealth-creating AI.

AI & Compute
Electricity Markets
Energy Economics
Grid Reliability
Study
Realism & Facts

Stephen D. Eule

Mark P. Mills

What Energy Transition? A Kaya Analysis of Global Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Since 1992, overall global energy and hydrocarbon consumption have increased by more than 75% each.

Climate Policy
Energy Markets
Energy Economics
Energy Transition
Oil & Gas
Issue Brief
Footprints & Density

Curtis Schube

Mark P. Mills

Who Pays When Wind Turbines and Solar Panels Wear Out? A Hidden Energy Liability

This means that consumers or taxpayers-not the owners-will likely be left to pay a significant portion of the $50 billion or more in future decommissioning costs.

Energy Policy & Regulation
Renewable Energy
Issue Brief
Realism & Facts

Neil Atkinson

The International Energy Agency Acknowledges the Need for More Oil and Gas Investment

For advocates of energy diversity, the clean energy investment numbers are encouraging but do not indicate that an energy transition is currently underway.

Energy Economics
Energy Policy & Regulation
Energy Transition
Oil & Gas
Issue Brief
Reliability & Security

Peter Bryant

Satish Rao

Energy Delusions: A Critique & Commentary of IEA's Critical Minerals Outlook

The IEA does not fully explore the implications of projected minerals deficits.

Critical/Rare Minerals
Energy Policy & Regulation
Energy Transition
Special Project
Reliability & Security

Paul H. Tice

A Strategy for Financing the Nuclear Future

There is no prospect for intermittent wind and solar power generation meeting the scale of 24/7 demand, leaving natural gas and nuclear as the main viable options.

Nuclear Energy
Energy & Finance
Energy Economics
Study
Realism & Facts

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

The U.S. Energy Information Administration Needs to Fix How It Reports Renewable Power Capacity

In 2024, the average annual capacity factors were 23% for solar and 34% for wind.

Electricity Markets
Energy Economics
Energy Policy & Regulation
Issue Brief
Realism & Facts

Shon R. Hiatt, PhD

Mark P. Mills

Energy Education Part 2 Real-World Energy Courses: The Top 10 & Bottom 10 Universities

The survey found that 71% of all the courses had a climate-focused learning objective, with just 29% climate-agnostic.

Energy Transition
Renewable Energy
Energy Education
Energy Policy
Issue Brief
Realism & Facts

Shon R. Hiatt, PhD

Mark P. Mills

Energy Education: Foundational or Aspirational? A Survey of Top 50 U.S. Universities

And regardless of climate-motivated aspirations and plans, even in the International Energy Agency's optimistic transition scenario, fossil fuels will remain critical for decades.

Energy Education
Energy Policy
Issue Brief
Freedom & Growth

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

Frits Byron Soepyan

Brent Bennett

Paul H. Tice

Iddo K. Wernick, PhD

Assessing the Costs of Regulations to Reduce CO2 and Other Greenhouse Gas Emissions

The only physical way to achieve such emissions reductions is by installing carbon capture technologies.

Climate Policy
Energy Economics
Energy Policy & Regulation
Analysis
Realism & Facts

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

The Social Cost of Carbon: A Flawed Measure for Energy Policy

However, it should not be used for making energy policy choices.

Climate Policy
Energy Economics
Energy Policy & Regulation
Special Project
Reliability & Security

G. Allen Brooks

The Energy Transition's Global Shipping Challenge

Moreover, the forecasts assume the volume of critical minerals needed for the alternative technologies will be readily available when needed.

Critical/Rare Minerals
Energy Transition
Shipping & Infrastructure
Study
Freedom & Growth

Mark P. Mills

Testimony of Mark P. Mills for "America's AI Moonshot"

Of course, if AI delivers on its promises, economic growth across the board will be greater than earlier forecast.

AI & Compute
Electricity
Testimony
Freedom & Growth

Mark P. Mills

Scott W. Tinker, PhD

The Choices We Face: Energy for the 21st Century - A Declaration of Guiding Principles

Energy will not end poverty, but we cannot end poverty without energy.

Energy Policy & Regulation
Energy Economics
Energy Transition
Special Project
Realism & Facts

Mark P. Mills

Neil Atkinson

Energy Delusions: Peak Oil Forecasts

Today, with large numbers of gasoline cars still being purchased, only 1% of new EVs are replacing gasoline cars.

Oil & Gas
Energy Markets
Climate Policy
Special Project
Reliability & Security

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

Electrification Without Electricity: An Epic Failure in Planning for Critical Infrastructure

Washington State's building code does not explicitly ban gas appliances but imposes requirements that make it uneconomic to install them.

Energy Markets
Energy Infrastructure
Electricity Markets
Study
Reliability & Security

Tristan Abbey

A Generational Opportunity: Achieving U.S. Dominance in Global LNG

The Nikiski facility remained the only LNG export facility in the United States until 2016.

Oil & Gas
Energy Markets
Energy Economics
Study
Realism & Facts

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

The Crippling Costs of Electrification and Net-Zero Energy Policies in the Pacific Northwest

Electricity Markets
Energy Policy & Regulation
Renewable Energy
Grid Reliability
Study
Freedom & Growth

Paul H. Tice

The SEC's Climate Rules Will Wreak Havoc on U.S. Financial Markets

The final climate disclosure rules issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in March 2024 will require every large U.S. corporation to report in detail all the climate-related physical and transition risks faced by their businesses, along with the direct and indirect greenhouse gas emi

Climate Policy
Energy Policy & Regulation
Energy & Finance
Study
Reliability & Security

Jonathan Lesser, PhD

Infrastructure Requirements for the Mass Adoption of Electric Vehicles

Regardless, the forced transformation demanded by many politicians and regulators will be massively expensive and is doomed to failure.

Grid Reliability
Energy Infrastructure
Electricity Markets
Study
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